Current Affairs

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Posted by Venky in Current Affairs at 23:38 | Comment (1) | Trackbacks (13)

Monday, June 19. 2006

Chikungaya - Viral Fever

Thirty two years after its last outbreak in India, Chikungunya is back. A relatively rare viral fever with dengue-like symptoms, outbreaks of chikungunya have been reported in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Maharashtra. In the last three months, the official count of the affected has climbed to a staggering 1.5 lakh people and Health officials concede that figures on the ground may be higher. A mixed outbreak of chikungunya with dengue was reported from Andhra Pradesh between December 2005 and February 2006. The virus was isolated by Pune’s National Institute of Virology in March but the figures have been rising ever since.

Please read below the detailed health advisory and more importantly the "Precautions to be Taken":
An outbreak of chikungunya with interspersed cases of dengue fever has been reported in several Indian states. Affected areas include Andhra Pradesh. Aurangabad, Latur, Malegaon, Nashik, Pune and Akola districts in the central state of Maharashtra have reported cases of late. The districts of Anantapur, Kurnool, Kadapa, Chittoor, Nalgonda, Prakasam and Guntur have confirmed cases, as has Hyderabad City.

In all, over 31,000 cases have been reported from 209 villages since December 2005 but the latest figures show over 30,000 cases in Andhra (Tirupati is the worst hit); over 70,000 in Karnataka (17,000 cases in Gulbarga alone); and, now it has struck Maharashtra.

The symptoms of dengue and chikungunya can be similar, and both are spread by mosquitoes. The outbreak is attributed to increased mosquito breeding. Officials are investigating the extent of the problem and implementing measures to bring it under control.

A large chikungunya outbreak has been occurring in the Indian Ocean Islands of Reunion, Mauritius, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mayotte since January 2006.

Reunion's (Reunion is a French overseas department in the Indian Ocean) epidemic of chikungunya began last March, and the number of cases have been rising since mid-December 2005. WHO estimates that over 255,000 people may have become ill since then.

Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted via mosquito bites. It occurs more frequently during the rainy season when the density of mosquitoes is higher than usual. It cannot pass from person to person.

The incubation time is four to seven days, after which a patient develops a sudden fever that last from two to five days. In addition to fever, severe joint pain is one of the disease's main symptoms. In fact, the name chikungunya comes from the Swahili word meaning "that which contorts or bends up" - infected people often temporarily assume a stooped posture due to associated pain. Pain is especially common in the knees, ankles, small joints (especially in hands and feet) and any previously injured joint.

Other common symptoms are a rash, particularly on the limbs and torso, and headache. Patients may become nauseous, vomit, and show other general 'flu-like' symptoms. Less common symptoms can include redness in the eyes and unusual sensitivity to light (photophobia).

Chikungunya is not traditionally considered a fatal disease, though it can weaken the immune system of an infected person and thus allow the patient to become infected with other diseases more easily.

There is no specific cure for the disease. The treatment consists mainly of rest, and medicine or therapies that will reduce pain and discomfort. Recovery takes several weeks and is characterized by an intense tiredness and difficulty concentrating. The joint pains can last for several months.

As there is no vaccine and  preventive medication, preventing mosquito bites is the only way to prevent Chikungunya.
Travelers to state of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra & Karnataka should follow all the relevant precautions but the precautions are not restricted to these specific states or travelling employees and visitors.

Prevent bites while outdoors:
•       Use insect repellent on exposed skin surfaces when outdoors, particularly during the day.
•       Stay in hotels, resorts that are well screened or air-conditioned and that take measures to reduce the mosquito population, where possible.

•       Wear light-colored clothing that covers most of the body (long sleeves and long pants), weather permitting.
•       Use an insect repellent containing DEET (DEET is the common name for N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide, which is the active ingredient in the most widely used insect repellents applied to the skin). Adults and children over two months old can safely use preparations containing up to 35% DEET. The higher the concentration, the longer it repels. Reapply after swimming or excessive sweating. Note that, although there are repellents available with more than 35% DEET, the duration of protection does not increase proportionately to the DEET concentration.

Approximate duration of action:
•       10% DEET: 1-3 hrs
•       23% DEET: 4-6hrs
•       35% DEET: 6-8 hrs
•       99% DEET: 10-12 Hrs
Note:
The duration of action of prolonged acting preparations such as "Ultrathon" and "Sawyer Controlled Release Deet" is not proportional to concentration of DEET.

It is possible to protect yourself from insects and the sun at the same time. Apply sunscreen first, and follow with insect repellent. Note that the combined use of repellent and sunblock appears to reduce the efficacy of the sunblock by up to 33%. Reapply sunblock more often and/or use a higher SPF when using in conjunction with insect repellent.

•       Soak or spray your clothes with the insecticide permethrin. (Do not apply permethrin directly to the skin.)
•       Reduce Aedes breeding sites by emptying standing water that may have collected in containers (e.g., uncovered barrels, flower vases, or cisterns) and either overturning the vessels or covering the opening.

•       If illness develops, stay under a mosquito net or indoors to limit mosquito bites and to avoid further spread of infection.

Prevent bites while you are indoors or asleep:
•       Make sure that there is fly-wire (mosquito netting) on all of your windows.
•       Use "knock-down" insect spray to kill mosquitoes in your room.
•       Use mosquito coils or electric insecticide vaporizers if mosquitoes can get into your room.
•       Note that air-conditioning also repels mosquitoes.
•       Consider using a bed net soaked in or sprayed with permethrin / pyrethrin
Reduce mosquito breeding grounds
This advice is more relevant if you are living permanently in a particular area. Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water and travel less than 500 yards from their hatching site to feed.

•       Drain stagnant water from pot plants, drains, old tins, old tires, etc.
•       Have local authorities spray walls with residual insecticides.
•       Encourage local authorities to use a "fog" to kill adult mosquitoes and employ a larvicide to eradicate mosquito larvae.

Tuesday, May 16. 2006

Rice @ Rs.2/kg, who will pay the rest ?

Good to see Dr. M. Karunanidhi assuming becoming the Chief Minister for the fifth time and also Mr. Stalin becoming the Minister for Local Administration. As per their poll promise on the first day of office itself, reduced the price of rice to Rs.2/kg, to come in effect from 3 June 2006, which has no relevance apart from being the Birthday of our Chief Minister. Also another government order that was passed was to waive the loans of farmers in Co-operative Banks, again the people of Tamil Nadu were pleased that they kept up their promise on day one.

Reducing the price of rice to Rs.2/kg is going to cost the Government Rs.550 crores and loan waiver is going to cost another Rs.6668 Crores, so where would the money come from for all these, What schemes are there to bring revenue to the government and if the present government keeps up all its promises there will only be expenditures on freebies.

Eventually how will the Government get money, that will be from Taxes, we will get rice for Rs.2/kg but other items will become more dearer, for pleasing one section of population and to be in power, the entire Tamil Nadu population is going to suffer. We are now like the tortoise in a cooking vessel, these schemes are like initial lukewarm temperature, which we will enjoy, but as time goes on the temperature goes up we are going to perish. Our Finance Minister who said big NO to all the freebies being offered by various state governments, has supported this during his initial campaign, why this double standard.

Friday, May 12. 2006

Battle for the State - Tamil Nadu

Now with the dust settling down on the State Elections and winners and losers having been identified, let us look into what happened and what would happen in the political scene.

ADMK lost this election, this is what we can rather than saying the DMK won the election, unless in the previous elections where the opposition would be generally wiped out, inspite of the 70% polling, the victory margins where very less in the most of the constituencies. So, this certainly is not a negative vote against the ADMK Government. So, I would say that this is a vote to end the Autocratic rule of the previous government does not really has any meaning at all.

Everyone claim that DMK Manifesto is the hero of the elections, but I would rather say that people did not really beleive the same and there was only a cautious approach to the manifesto and it was just beleived as a lottery, if we get fine, otherwise no big deal, so even if the promises are not kept, people would not bother.

Till the election campaign started, ADMK did have an edge on various counts like communal violence, removal of rowdy elements, free cycle scheme etc. There was a scare in the DMK camp, DMK who were averse to coalition politics, created an issue when Union Minister E.V.K.S. Elangovan talked about coalition politics. Then suddenly during seat sharing DMK was suddenly talking about coalition politics and infact very smartly took only 129 seats, in the kind of political scenario that was in the state, even the DMK would not have beleived that it can take individual majority. This was done to encourage the coalition party workers who now see that they can be a part of the government. Even Dr. Kalaignar mentioned this as Sacrifice of DMK, but I would rather say this is a masterstroke of a seasoned politician. So he got the poll alliance arithmetic to his advantage.

Then when DMK manifesto was released with all the freebies, there promises were not taken very seriously by the people till the day, Dr. J. Jayalalitha reacted to it by offering 10kg of free rice. Any leader should not and cannot react in any situation, I still dont understand why this basic characteristic of a leader was not followed by the leader of ADMK. Till that time the ADMK camp was only telling that whatever DMK promised is not givable, but from that day they started saying that it is possible by ADMK but not by DMK, this is where DMK started getting the edge.

Now, with freebies being offered by both sides, the people were looking at the credibility of keeping promises by both sides, thats where I would say that the star campaigner of this election our Finance Minister Mr.P. Chidambaram, turned the tides towards the DMK Alliance, he vouched on behalf of the DMK manifesto, which gave the people, centre's commitment for DMK's manifesto, as they thought he is the one who has to give the money for all the schemes. So probability of winning the lottery on the DMK side increased and tilted the scales slightly in favour of the DMK alliance.

ADMK alliance should have refrained from reacting to DMK's freebies and had it stuck to its own orinigal manifesto, it could have easily pooh poohed the same. Also, it could have easily campaigned against the Finance Minister also, as sometime back he had come very hardly on the state governments freebies in variosu states as affecting the country's economy, I still fail to understand what the ADMK campaign managers were doing?

Then, DMK's media power with Sun TV really being the window of the Tamil Nadu to the whole world added to ADMK's woes. Personally speaking, all other issues like Family politics, Stalin Succession, Dayanidhi's corruption, Amma's high handedness, Anti incumbency were certainly a non issue in this election.

But both DMK and ADMK has to watch out for another emerging star of this election Captain Vijaykanth, he certainly would be a power to reckon with in the future elections, his vote share of 8% is only behind that of ADMK and  DMK, and he contesting is Vridachalam, eventhough looked like cinematic stunt, fought and won in the enemies territory itself all by himself. Hats off to the Captain, in all probability looks like a future CM of our state to me. Generally considered having a soft corner towards the Congress, there may be a sitution with Vijaykanth and Congress fighting the polls together with other small parties. Captain being a MLA now will be in political news and couple of socially aware movies may as well make the people feel like he might be their crusader from Darvidian politics.

Lastly, lets congratulate Dr. Kalaignar on becoming the CM for the fifth time, but will he be in office for five years, there could be a possibility that he might resign showing his age or health as reason after an year and give the mantle of ruling the state to a younger generation leader and give them four years time to prove and make that leader acceptable to the public and party.

Also, there can be a change in the political scenario when the next parliament election comes as ADMK also would be aware of the powerful alliance arithmetic, this may give some uneasiness to the state government also, lets wait and watch, there is going to be a lot of tamashas, with Congress calling the shots in State government and DMK calling the shots in the Central government.

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